Exhaust gas turbo-blower means for horizontal internal combustion engines



July 141. A. BUCHi EXHAUST GAS TURBO-BLOWER MEANS FORHOR 1 v e e h S S t e e INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 25, 1940 ELEcre/C GENEE/ITOE July 3, 1941. Uc -n 224,423

EXHAUST GAS TURBO-BLOWER MEANS FOR HORIZONTAL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 25, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 [hm/710W: 3 @fi X 7 g car Patented July 8, 1941 w W v. ExnAUs'rLGAs TU'nBo-BLowEnMnms Fo T C m ms mizent n relates to lan uages.

blower means for horizontal internal combustion engines; The invention is particularly kconcernedqwith the arrangement of exhaust gas; turbo blowerx means with 7 horizontal internal; combustion .en-

z s, With .yertical internal vcombustion engines it is knownrto arrange the; exhaust gas. turbo-blower means atwthe end of. a cylinder yblock laterally I of theaxis of the engine considerably abovethe crankvshait thereof,.-, The exhaust gas-Jami the charging air conductionqmeans. of these engines extend transversely; to the cylinders in spaced relation at high levels ,abovethe enginefoundatiOn. 1 I "I '1 Mil 4: I I In the arrangen ent according-to-theinvention, one or more exhaust gasgturbo-blower :units are arranged at the driving end of the internal oombnstion engine at {the 1 side; or the; adjacent engine cylinders laterally of an electric; generatorlor other driven part taking; up theload; 'such as, for I example, a fly-wheel, idriventby the engine, and are mounted substantially; on a levelvslower than th at oi thecrankshaft of thelntema-lcom bustion engine, the exhaustgases from; the internal combustionengine cylindersbeingconducted toward the exhaust .gasturbo-blowenunit and the charging: air being conductediaway from this unitinto theengine cylinders by means ofispaced I conduits extending; transversely; .to thecylinders l at felatively low levels above; the-aeng-ineiounda- QtiOnl f In horizontal internals-vcombustiorriyengins r. t'wqexnahst sam a-mower nnitslsyh mt- ,ncj'auy' tsftne axisToff engine crank s a ts a ra t re f ey ni -fi e. enera r the like is possible. '7 With a rangeme tieaen lim li a e e ha isti's' es rom l {like cylinders of i one of x the. two eldest: the internal cdrnbjzstionfenginef .fand th respective blower in turn". may s11pply the harging air all the {cylcomprising two separate groupslof :cylinders with both cylindergronps-located-von one and the same .sigle of the aligning: crank shafts thereot rsand with a drivenymachine; such 'as asgeneratorgarl ranged between; these twogroups; the installation of lonly. one exhaust gas turbo-blower zunit ib'etween: .theltwo cylinder groups is posslbleso that .the exhaust gases 7; dischargedl by 1 alt. the 181181119 cylinders ,canibepasseci; in opposite directions-to this turbo-blower. In horizontal. internal combastion eng inesinwhichiWQgflW-I e;g upszof i:

tanqsed Ma h oth r-across s owmen mi s the in t llat oni: urbqnbl we whe either (end of .the 1 adjacent cylinden ;groi1ps,is

feasible." In horizontal inten alflcon bnstion ens v-qomp lsi gtw .Q mqre i sof ;E191!P$ of en i e;c l nd sl x pqs dto each-fibe acros a i om n pr k sha tlae sm et l nsenemt r or li -w el ta @dflven-l mha nmne d g a be naa sentswe tthei s a ation l tl qt ilq e; nlts-li ii hare arrangedabove the l -floorleyel ctthe engineroomlone onueachwnzine side between the pairs i, 2 of juxtaposed cylinder groups and laterally beside the electric generator. The exhaust gases from the engine cylinders are passed into exhaust gas turbines 26, 21 through conduits 22, 23, 24, 25, in such manner, that the cylinder groups located on the same side of the engine deliver the exhaust gases discharging therefrom to one and the same exhaust gas turblue.

The conduits 22 to 25 may be subdivided by partition walls 28, 29 respectively, as shown in Fig. 2, in accordance with the cross-sectional areas of the corresponding chambers of the admission guide device of the respective turbine, the partition wall between thechambers of the turbine 21 being indicated by dotted lines in the lower right hand corner of this figure.

Instead of subdividing the exhaust gas conduits or manifolds a corresponding number of separate conduits may be used for conducting the respective gas volumes to the associated turbine. Thus. in this instance as shown in Fig. 3 eight separate conduits may be used for admitting the exhaust gas to the two turbines, and the admission guide device of each turbine is provided with four different chambers. With this arrangement, for example, only two cylinders exhaust to the same turbine inlet chamber as, for instance, cylinders 3 and 6; 4 and I; I and 8; 8 and II; II and l3; l2 and I4; I! and I1; and I6 and II. The charging air delivered by the exhaust gas turbo-blowers 32, 33 is passed into the engine cylinders 2 to it through conduits 3|, 3| arranged at a low level, in such manner, that a single charging air blower supplies all the cylinders 'on one and the same side of the engine. i. e. the same cylinders from which the discharging exhaust gases are conducted through separate or partitioned-oi! conduits, into thedriving turbines 28, 21 respectively.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the exhaust manifolds 22 to 25 and the charging air conduits Ill, 3| are so located that the former conduits extend away from the engine cylinders substantially at the same level therewith so that the gases enter the turbines from above, whereas the charging air supply conduits II, II extend below the cylinders immediately above the engine foundation. The charging air blowers are provided with an exit which delivers the charging air in the horizontal direction. The air conduits are disposed longitudinally of the outer margin of the, engine frame. Advantageously, the exhaust gas turbo-blower units are so mounted that their axes extend in a plane parallel to the axis of the engine. Instead of exhaust gas turbo-blower units of horizontal type, as shown in the drawings, units of vertical type may be provided.

The arrangements. according to all embodiments of the invention, have the appreciable advantage that no extra space requirements are necessary for the arrangement of the exhaust gas turbo-blower units in addition to the space required for the internal combustion engine proper and its driven element, so that these units remain within the general contour line of an intemal combustion engine plant. The arrangement of the exhaust gas and of the charging air conduits becomes very simple so that these conduits are separated from each other and are exposed to view throughout their extent and that the conduits are unsusceptible to influences such as transmission of heat between the same. In arrangements comprising two groups of engine cylinders confronting each other across a common crankshaft two like exhaust gas turboblowers can be used which are mounted in relatively inverted disposition at one end of the engine.

If a single pair of groups of cylinders is employed, which arrangement is not specifically shown in the drawings, the location of the turboblower unit is absolutely the same as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings exceptthat one pair of groups of cylinders is omitted together with the respective conduits for the charging air and the exhaust gases. However, the relative positions of the blower unit to the engine cylinders and to the electric generator or the like remain the same.

In the modified arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the exhaust gas manifolds extend alongside of the engine frame transversely to the engine cylinders with the underside located immediately above the engine foundation, that is, the engine room floor. These manifolds, of which only those referred to as 23' and 25' are visible, are subdivided by partition walls 28', 28' into two separate passages leading into the associated turbines 28, 21, that is, the admission guide devices thereof, through branch pipes 23", 25", respectively, from below. The spent exhaust gases escape in the direction of the arrow at the top. The charging air conduits 3!, 3| extend substantially parallel with the exhaust manifolds about on the level of the engine cylinders. Branch pipes ill", 3|" connect the conduits 30', 3| and the respective pipe connections on the engine cylinders with each other. Also in this instance the exhaust manifolds and the air conduits are spaced apart at a distance so that they are unsusceptible to heat transmission between the same and, if desired, several collateral exhaust conduits may be used instead of a subdivided manifold.

The term subsidiary group of cylinders is intended to designate a part of a complete group of cylinders from which the exhaust gases are led separately to the exhaust gas turbine or turbines and more particularly into a separate admission chamber of one or more associated turbines. Fig. 4 is illustrative of such an arrangement in which two groups of cylinders I, l and 8. ll exhaust into separate chambers of the admission guide device of turbine 21'. Either one of these groups may serve as a subsidiary group for the other dependent upon the operation of the engine in practice.

Fig. 5 illustrates the simplest form of the invention, in which only a single group of cylinders II, II, II and II is present. In this case the location of the turbo-blower 2! is located at the driving end of the engine in a similar position relative to the electric generator II, as in the previously described embodiments, and also is located at a level substantially lower than the level of the engine crankshaft at'the side of the engine cylinders, laterally of the generator is, and within the prolongation of the generator and of the engine manifold means 24, when viewed in plan. This turbo-blower is also dismountable at the engine foundation level independently of the engine and the generator driven thereby.

What I claim is:

1. In a power plant; an internal combustion engine having a plurality of substantially horizontal cylinders with pistons therein and a crankshaft, said pistons being operatively connected with the engine crankshaft, a driven part, the

cylinders substantially withinth'e verticalextent of the cylinders and the enginefoundatiom -the "turbo-blower means having a rotary shaft, means providing communication between the turbine and blower parts'and the respective engine mani fold means; said; turbo-blower Y meansbeing mounted at said driving end of the engine shaft with its rotary shaft directed-substantiallyparallel with the crankshaft axis on a-level' substantially lower than the lever-oi "thecrankshaft at ently saidengineand'said driven 2; In' a piston-operated internal combustion engineadapted to"be'-"chargd by exhaust "gas turbo-blower means, a driven part adjacent said engine, I the engine having a plurality of horizontal engine cylinders arrange'd'in groups 'Withthe cylindersof sald 'groups opposed to "each other, the engine havin'g a crankshaft driv'enby thefpis-' tons of the associated cylindergroups lylng be- 1 tweensaid "groups and having a driving end coupled to said "adjacent drivenpart;- spaced exhaust gas and charging'airmanifoldmeans con:- necte'd. to the utr- 'hds'0f the associated cylin- ':der1 groups and extending" transversely?tosaid groups substantially withlii warmer-extent 'of the cylinders-"and 3 the engin'e foundation; two turbo- 1;; blower: units e'ach' having a 'rotary shaft; means I providing -zcommu'n'ication between the turbine and blowerz'parts' and the respective engine I mani- 1 foldmea'nspsaid turbo blower units being" mount- 1 edxrat saida' driving end omm; enginewith their rotary: shafts extendingsubstantially parallel Withtthe-Jcrankshaftaaxis afia level substantially Slower than the" crankshaft l'ev'elat th'e'side 'of the respective-engine cylinders laterally, of 'sai'd d-riven 5' 1 part, within the prolongation iof: the 'c'ont'ouri of 7 said :parlt: and ithat of the contour of saidmanifold -.means,:; when viewed in plan, "said' turbo blower units and said manifold means being dismountableat said foundation level independently of said engine and of said driven part.

3. In a power plant, a piston-operated internal combustion engine, exhaust. gas turbo-blower means for charging said engine, said engine having a plurality of horizontal cylinders extending above a surrounding floor, which floor is level with the engine foundation, said cylinders having pistons operatively connected with the engine crankshaft, the driving end of the shaft being coupled to an adjacent driven part, exhaust gas and charging air manifold means connected to the outer ends of said cylinders and extending transversely to said cylinders, said exhaust gas manifold means being located substantially at the level of said cylinders, and said charging air -manifold means being located near the level of said floor, the turbo-blower means comprising a unit having a rotary shaft, and means providing communication between the turbine and blower parts of said unit and the respective manifold means, said unit being mounted at said driving end of the engine crankshaft with its rotary shaft directed substantially parallel with the crankshaft at; a level substantially ilower tha'ri' jthe crankshaft v level at Y the side of the respe tive englne "cylinder laterally of said driven partf'within the prolongation 'of the contour of said part L Q and that of'the contour *of the respective exhaust manifold means, when viewed in plan, said turbo- --blower unit and said exhaust and charging iair manifold means being dismountable at said floor "levelindependently of said engine; I I l' In apower plant,'a-piston-operated internal combustion engine, exhaust gas? turbo-blower means-for charging said engine, said enginehaving aj 'alura'lity or hori'zontarcylinders extending 'above' a surrounding floor, which floor 'is level with the 'englne fou'n'dation, said cylindershaving pistons operatively connected with the engine 1 crankshaft; the driving endzo'f 'said shaft' be'ing 1 {coupled to an} adjacent driven-part, exhaust-gas and 7 charging air manifold i means connected] to gothe'} outer ends of' the cylinders and extending f -transversely to; said cylinders; said exhaust gas manifold means being located neafthe level of I, said floor, and said charging air manifolds being filocated substantiallyat the level of said cylinders, 3, said turbo-blower means comprising "a unitliaving a rotary shaft',' me'an"s providing 1 cemi'nunication between the 'tu'rbirie' and blower parts of-said unit and -the respective'engine' manifold means, said unit beingmounted "at said-driving end with a n 1 its rotary shaft directed substantially parallel to the'icrankshaft axis;"'said rotary shaft being at a :s level substantiallylower than the crankshaft'level a at theside.=jof the re'spective' engine cylinder laterally of K said driven part within the prolonga'tion f OfxthicofltOlltOf saidpart and that of' 'the 'c'onz/ ntouraxof .the: respective charging air manifold 1:: means, :when ivi'ewed in" plangi's'aid turbo-blower 1% :unit r-and 1 said exhaustfand charging air manifold means;being;dismountable at saidfloo" levelin- 4 i) adependently of. said; engine: f a, r ,1

a: 41; 5: a powerrplantgta piston-operated internal 1 ,combustion "siengi'ne, Siexh'aust sgas turbo-blower :means; for charging fsaid engine;:said engine h'avlngyal plurality of zhorizontal cylinders' arranged in; groups opposed =toreach other; sa-id c'ylinders 5; ,h yl 1 D Ston-s-.:drivingly aconnected -ato the-engine crankshaft,- the, crankshaft being positioned be- W Bm he-;,a'sso ziated cylinderigroups andrhaving 1 a, driving;.,end coupl dito aniadjacentidriven part, .spaced,.exhaust jgas andsrchargingz'ai-r manifold :,1-means. QOnnectedtomhe; outer; endsaof thewassociated, gcyl-inder- .groups; and: extending transversely to said groups substantially within the vertical extent of the cylinders and the engine foundation, two turbo-blower units each having a rotary shaft, means providing communication between the turbines and blower parts and the respective manifold means, said units being mounted at the driving end of the crankshaft with their rotary shafts directed substantially parallel with the crank-shaft axis and at a level substantially lower than the crankshaft level at the sides of the respective engine cylinder in symmetrical relation to said crankshaft axis in relatively opposite relation of said turbine and blower parts laterally of said driven part within the prolongation of the contour of said part and that of the contour of said manifold means, when viewed in plan, said turbo-blower units and said manifold means hei dismountable at said foundation level independently of said engine and said driven part in the form of two congruent self-contained assemblies.

6. In a power plant, a piston-operated internal combustion engine, exhaust gas turbo-blower means for charging said engine, said engine having a plurality of horizontal cylinders having pistons operatively connected with the engine crankshaft, said crankshaft having a driving end coupled to an adjacent driven part, spaced ex-' 'haust gas and charging air manifold means connected to the outer ends of the associated cylinder and extending transversely substantially within the vertical extent of the cylinders and the engine foundation, a turbo-blower unit, having a turbine and a blower part surrounding a common rotor shaft, and a multi-ch-amber admission guide device provided in said turbine part, said exhaust gas manifold means lead-ing said gas from said cylinders separately for a part of their extent into different chambers of said guide device and said charging air manifold means leading said air from said blower part into said cylinders, said unit being mounted at said driving end with its rotor shaft directed substantially parallel to the crankshaft axis at a level substantially lower than the crankshaft level at the side of the respective engine cylinder later-ally of said driven part within the prolongation of the contour of said part and that of the contour of said manifold means, when viewed in plan, said turboblower unit and said manifold means being dismountable at said foundation level independently of said engine and said driven part.

7. In a piston-operated internal combustion engine, exhaust gas turbo-blower means for charging said engine, a plurality of horizontal engine cylinders arranged in groups opposed to each other, the engine having pistons and a crankshaft driven by said pistons and lying between said groups of cylinders, the driving end of said crankshaft being coupled to an adjacent driven part, spaced exhaust gas and charging air manifold means connected to the outer ends of the associated cylinder groups and extending transversely to said groups substantially within the vertical extent of said cylinders and the engine foundation, two similar turbo-blower units each having a turbine and a blower part surrounding a common rotary shaft, and a multichamber admission guide device provided in said turbine part, said exhaust gas manifold means leading the gas from part of the cylinders of each cylinder group separately into different chambers of said guide device and said charging air manifold means leading said air from said blower part into said cylinders of said groups, said units being mounted at said driving end with their retary shafts directed substantially parallel with the crankshaft axis at a level substantially lower than the crankshaft level at the side of the respective engine cylinder in symmetrical relation to said crankshaft axis in relatively inverted sequence of said turbine and blower parts laterally of said driven part within the prolongation of the contour of said part and that of the contour of said manifold means, when viewed in plan, said turbo-blower units and said manifold means being dismountabie at said foundation level independently of said engine and said driven part.

8. In a piston-operated internal combustion engine, exhaust gas turbo-blower means for charging said engine, said engine having a plurality of horizontal cylinders arranged in groups opposed to each other, Said groups having subgroups, the pistons of the associated cylinder groups inclusive of their sub-groups being drivingly connected to the crankshaft, the crankshaft lying between said groups and having a driving end coupled to an adjacent driven part, spaced exhaust gas and charging air manifold means connected to the outer ends of the associated cylinder groups and their subgroups and extending transversely to said groups substantially within the vertical extent of the cylinders and the engine foundation, 9. turbo-blower unit, having a turbine and a blower part surrounding a common rotor shaft, and a multi-chamber admission guide device provided in said tur-bine part, said exhaust gas manifold means being connected to the turbine admission means and leading said gas from part of the cylinders of said cylinder groups and their sub-groups of cylinders separately into different chambers of said guide device and said charging air manifold means leading said air from said blower part into said cylinders of said groups, said unit being mounted at said driving end with its rotor shaft directed substantially parallel with the crankshaft axis at a level substantially lower than the crankshaft level at the side of the respective engine cylinder laterally of said driven part within .the prolongation of the con-tour of said part and that of the contour of said manifold means, when viewed in plan, said turbo-blower unit and said manifold means being dismountable at said foundation level independently of said engine and said driven part.

ALFRED BfiCHI. 

